Inflammation research

Objective: Immunodeficiency of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is caused by several factors including uremic toxins and biocompatibility reactions due to the repeated hemodialysis (HD) procedure.

Introduction: Inflammaging is a phenomenon triggered by the conjunction of chronic repetitive and subclinical inflammation from external aggressors and internal inflammatory mechanisms due to the progressive degradation of systems such as the mitochondrial function. 

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) functions as a key regulator in the central nervous system and regulates the inflammatory pathway. There are two peaks of cerebral NF-κB activation after neonatal hypoxia–ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is regarded as an important underlying cause of Bell’s palsy, but the immunologic mechanism remains unknown.

Introduction: The leaves of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f. have been used in the Indian traditional system of medicine to treat several inflammatory diseases and arthritis. 

Цель: Выяснить, участвует ли Нискарин через фосфатидилинозитол - 3 - киназу (PI3K) и РКВ-зивисимый путь в апоптозе нейронов, вызванном нейровоспалением.

Цель: Силибинин - главная активная молекула силимарина, извлеченная из Cirsium japonicum.

Цель: Система комплимента играет существенную роль в регулировании T-клеточных реакций. Однако, точный механизм, лежащий в основе C4-индуцируемой иммунотолерантности, остается неясным.

Цель: Переходный рецептор потенциал меластатин 7 (TRPM7) участвует в течении нормальных физиологических и патологических процессах.

The following summarises the plenary lectures of the ‘Bradykinin Symposium 2012’ held on 23−24 August 2012 at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. 

Objective: Inflammation and hypoxia activate the fractalkine (CX3CL1) receptor (CX3CR1)-related signaling pathway. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) induces CX3CL1, influencing a mechanism of CX3CL1 autoregulation by CX3CR1 expression. 

Background: Because antileukotrienes may inhibit inflammation, it is plausible that montelukast administered for a long time could suppress skin wheal and flare reaction, and thus, it should be discarded prior to the tests. 

Objective and design: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein acts as a late mediator of severe vascular inflammatory conditions. Rutin (RT), an active flavonoid compound, is well known to possess potent antiplatelet, antiviral and antihypertensive properties.

Introduction: Previous studies found that neuron specific enolase promoter (Nse-BMP4) transgenic mice have increased expression of the nociceptive mediator, substance P and exaggerated local injury responses associated with heterotopic ossification (HO). 

Objective: Chronic HBV infection can lead to “immune tolerance” in asymptomatic carriers (ACs), “immune injury” in active chronic hepatitis (ACH) patients or “immune abnormality” in cirrhosis (Cir) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Objective: The aims of this review are to describe the present knowledge about YKL-40 protein, discuss its relation to liver fibrosis, and to look ahead at future perspectives of YKL-40 research.

Introduction: Asthma is one of the serious global health problems and cause of huge mortality and morbidity. It is characterized by persistent airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, increased IgE levels and mucus hypersecretion. Asthma is mediated by dominant Th2 immune response, causing enhanced expression of Th2 cytokines.

Objective: The coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) mediates the entry of coxsackievirus B (CVB) and adenovirus into host cells and is, therefore, a key determinant for the molecular pathogenesis of viral diseases such as myocarditis.

Objective and design: Atherosclerosis (ATH) is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves cascades of signaling events mediated by various effector proteins.